ASTM E724-1998(2004) 用四种咸水双壳类软体动物幼虫进行的静态急性毒力试验的标准指南

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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforConductingStaticAcuteToxicityTestsStartingwithEmbryosofFourSpeciesofSaltwaterBivalveMolluscs
【原文标准名称】:用四种咸水双壳类软体动物幼虫进行的静态急性毒力试验的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME724-1998(2004)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1998
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.01
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:幼虫;试件;污染控制;毒性;农药;危险物质;试验
【英文主题词】:acutetoxicitytest;bivalvemollusclarvae;bivalvemolluscsembryos;bluemussel;Crassostreagigas;Crassostreavirginica;hardclam;Mercenariamercenaria;Mytilusedulis;oyster
【摘要】:Anacutetoxicitytestisconductedtoobtaininformationconcerningtheacuteeffectsofashorttermexposureoforganismstoatestmaterialunderspecificexperimentalconditions.Anacutetoxicitytestdoesnotprovideinformationconcerningwhetherdelayedeffectswilloccur.Becauseembryosandlarvaeareusuallyassumedtobethemostsensitivelifestagesofthesebivalvemolluscspeciesandbecausethesespeciesarecommerciallyandrecreationallyimportant,resultsoftheseacutetestsareoftenconsideredtobeagoodindicationoftheacceptabilityofpollutantconcentrationstosaltwatermolluscanspeciesingeneral.Resultsoftheseacutetoxicitytestsareoftenassumedtobeanimportantconsiderationwhenassessingthehazardofmaterialstoothersaltwaterorganisms(seeGuideE1023)orwhenderivingwaterqualitycriteriaforsaltwaterorganisms(3).Resultsofacutetoxicitytestsmightbeusedtopredictacuteeffectslikelytooccurtoaquaticorganismsinfieldsituationsasaresultofexposureundercomparableconditions,exceptthattoxicitytobenthicspeciesmightdependonsorptionorsettlingofthetestmaterialontothesubstrate.Resultsofacutetestsmightbeusedtocomparetheacutesensitivitiesofdifferentspeciesandtheacutetoxicitiesofdifferenttestmaterials,andtodeterminetheeffectsofvariousenvironmentalfactorsonresultsofsuchtests.Resultsofacutetoxicitytestsmightbeusefulforstudyingbiologicalavailabilityof,andstructureactivityrelationshipsbetween,testmaterials.Resultsofacutetoxicitytestswilldependontemperature,compositionofthedilutionwater,conditionofthetestorganisms,andotherfactors.1.1Thisguidedescribesproceduresforobtaininglaboratorydataconcerningtheacuteeffectsofatestmaterialonembryosandtheresultinglarvaeoffourspeciesofsaltwaterbivalvemolluscs(Pacificoyster,CrassostreagigasThunberg;easternoyster,CrassostreavirginicaGmelin;quahogorhardclam,MercenariamercenariaLinnaeus;andbluemussel,MytilusedulisLinnaeus)duringstatic48-hexposures.Theseprocedureswillprobablybeusefulforconductingstaticacutetoxicitytestsstartingwithembryosofotherbivalvespecies()althoughmodificationsmightbenecessary.1.2Othermodificationsoftheseproceduresmightbejustifiedbyspecialneedsorcircumstances.Althoughusingproceduresappropriatetoaparticularspeciesorspecialneedsandcircumstancesismoreimportantthanfollowingprescribedprocedures,resultsoftestsconductedbyusingunusualproceduresarenotlikelytobecomparabletoresultsofmanyothertests.Comparisonofresultsobtainedbyusingmodifiedandunmodifiedversionsoftheseproceduresmightprovideusefulinformationconcerningnewconceptsandproceduresforconducting48-hacutetestsstartingwithembryosofbivalvemolluscs.1.3Theseproceduresareapplicabletomostchemicals,eitherindividuallyorinformulations,commercialproducts,orknownmixtures.Withappropriatemodificationstheseprocedurescanbeusedtoconductacutetestsontemperature,dissolvedoxygen,andpHandonsuchmaterialsasaqueouseffluents(seealsoGuideE1192),leachates,oils,particulatematter,sediments,andsurfacewaters.Renewaltestsmightbepreferabletostatictestsformaterialsthathaveahighoxygendemand,arehighlyvolatile,arerapidlybiologicallyorchemicallytransformedinaqueoussolution,orareremovedfromtestsolutionsinsubstantialquantitiesbythetestchambersororganismsduringthetest.1.4ResultsofacutetoxicitytestswithembryosofbivalvemolluscsshouldusuallybereportedastheEC50basedonthetotal......
【中国标准分类号】:C05
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:21P.;A4
【正文语种】: